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| Prioritization and selection
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 A literature search on halogen-free flame retardants (HFFRs) that are viable alternatives to specific commercial BFRs on the market was carried out. Information was collected on the commercial availability of the HFFRs, their characteristics in relation to fire safety regulations, compatibility behaviour in marketable polymers, and their environmental behavior and possible toxic effects. The criteria for selection were:
The FR should be commercially available on the market
It should be a halogen-free FR
Information available on compatibility behaviour in marketable polymers
A prioritization was carried out after which the most promising HFFRs (n=17), including metal-, phosphorous-, and nanoclay-based FRs, were selected for further study. The toxicological and ecotoxicological review of the selected HFFRs showed a lack of data or contradictory data for these compounds, and the need for reliable experimental data. The literature was mined for information relevant to the sources, physical-chemical properties, degradation rates, environmental occurrence and behaviour of selected HFFRs. For some FRs wide ranges in physical-chemical properties were found.
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